Kuti tikwaniritse zosowa za anthu ambiri ndikulemeretsa kusankha kwa ogula mitundu ya njerwa, zida zamakina osawotcha zimayenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi kuti zigwiritse ntchito msika womwe ukusintha. Tsopano zikamera wa mtundu watsopano wa sanali kuwotcha njerwa zida makina, kuti kupanga njerwa kukhala zokongola kwambiri.

Mtundu wa mtundu watsopano wa zida zamakina osawotcha njerwa ndizowoneka bwino. Zida zamakina a njerwa zamtundu waulere zimakhala zokongola kwambiri, zomwe zatsegula njira yatsopano popanga zida zamakina amtundu wa njerwa. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti chitukuko cha zinthu sichingathe kuchita popanda mphamvu ya luso, ndiko kuti, mtundu watsopano umayikidwa mu makina a njerwa, ndipo makina opangidwa ndi njerwa amabadwira, ndipo njerwa zamtundu wamtundu wapamsewu ndizofunikira kwambiri Zokongola, maonekedwe ake okongola amagwirizana kwathunthu ndi makhalidwe a kukongoletsa chilengedwe, koma kupanga kwake sikudziwika kwa anthu ambiri.

Kupanga konkriti yamtundu sikovuta kwambiri. Zimakhala zofanana ndi kupanga konkire yachikhalidwe. Mukungoyenera kusakaniza pigment ya mtundu womwe mukufuna, ndiyeno mutha kupanga mtundu womwe mukufuna. Pakadali pano, makina anjerwa osawotcha pamsika ali ndi njira yachiwiri yogawa. Pambuyo khazikitsa dongosolo lino, muyenera kokha kukhazikitsa kupanga ntchito njira kuwonjezera mitundu yosiyanasiyana Mtundu, njira ndi losavuta, ichi ndi mbali yaikulu ya mtundu njerwa makina, pambuyo kuyala mtundu uwu wa njerwa msewu, mudzapeza kuti ali ndi ubwino wambiri, monga mphamvu mkulu, kukana kuvala bwino, kwa dera ndi mvula yambiri, ali amphamvu permeability madzi, ndi kuvala kukana ndi zabwino, etc. zipangizo ndi simenti, aggregate, pigment ndi zina, amene akhoza kupanga mtundu mukufuna. M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndi chitukuko cha mizinda ku China, ntchito yomanga tauni, dimba, malo okhalamo ndi zina zotero ziyenera kumangidwa ndi njerwa zoumba. Pambuyo pokhala ndi njerwa zamitundu, kupyolera mu maonekedwe osiyanasiyana a njerwa iliyonse ndi kuphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana, zotsatira zapadera zimatha kupangidwa Anthu ali ndi chidziwitso chozama cha mtundu uwu wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njerwa zamsewu, zimakhala ndi zotsatira zokondweretsa zokongoletsa kwa anthu omwe akuyang'ana, kuwonjezera apo, ali ndi gawo labwino pakulimbikitsa kukongola kwa misewu ya mumzinda.

Mfundo yofunika kwambiri ndi mtundu wosayaka zida za njerwa. Makina opangira njerwa osawotcha ali ndi njira yachiwiri yogawa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imatha kuwonjezeredwa mukakhazikitsa njira yopangira ntchito. Ngati ndi nthawi yoyamba kugula zida zamakina a njerwa,